The game ends abruptly at 1am (see 8A72), even if Willy has collected all the items, or has reached his bed and is already on his way to the toilet, or already has his head down the toilet.

This fact seems to contradict the message that scrolls across the lower part of the title screen (see 8454), which implies that Willy must collect all the items before midnight.

The tune played on the title screen is Beethoven's Moonlight Sonata. The tune played during gameplay is If I Were a Rich Man from the musical Fiddler on the Roof.

The bed in Master Bedroom is actually a conveyor moving left to right, but it doesn't appear to move because the first and third bytes of the conveyor tile (shown below) are 0x55 (01010101), which remains 0x55 after being rotated left or right twice.

See also Unanimated conveyors.

When Willy loses a life, the pitch of the notes in the in-game music decreases, and their length increases; see 8B54.

To prevent this from happening:

POKE 35674,126

The game quits if BREAK - that is, CAPS SHIFT and SPACE - is pressed (see 8AB1). This works at any time, including when Willy is running to the toilet or already has his head down it.

If you take Willy to the floor at the bottom of the staircase in First Landing and type the word WRITETYPER, a cheat mode is activated that enables Willy to teleport to any room (see 8B9F).

For example, to teleport to Master Bedroom, hold down keys '1', '2' and '6', and then press '9' to activate the teleporter. For a list of all the rooms and their teleport codes, see the Rooms page.

Willy's animation frame at 85D2 and direction flag at 85D0 are not initialised before the game starts, so his animation frame and the direction he's facing at the start of a game will be whatever they were when he died in the previous game. (The first time the game starts, Willy's animation frame is 0 and he's facing right.)

The routine at 91BE, when drawing an arrow, kills Willy if the arrow hits anything with white INK; this means, for example, that Willy would be killed if the arrow hits a white rope. It is no coincidence, then, that in the rooms that have both a rope and an arrow (We must perform a Quirkafleeg, On the Roof and The Beach), the rope is not white.

To see Willy die when the arrow hits the rope in The Beach:

The wall tile in West Wing is very similar to the beer mug item in The Nightmare Room; they differ only in the bottom row of pixels:

West Wing wall tile
The Nightmare Room item

There are several places in Willy's mansion where it is obvious that he is in danger of falling from a great height and entering an infinite death loop. However, there are also some places where it is far from obvious that merely moving from one room to another will lead to an infinite death loop.

For example, the room below The Security Guard is Entrance to Hades, from which there is no escape.

For another example, the room above Dr Jones will never believe this is We must perform a Quirkafleeg, where the long row of nasties at the bottom of the pit ensures certain (repeated) death.

There are 61 room definitions occupying pages 0xC0-0xFC, but the definition for room 0x2F in page 0xEF is not used. Room 0x2F is completely empty and can only be accessed by activating cheat mode and using the teleport code '123469'.

However, the (inaccessible) right exit from Tree Root is set to 0x2F (see EEEA), which suggests that there was an intention to place room 0x2F there at some point during the game's development.

The routine at 86C3, which is responsible for randomly selecting one of the 180 grid locations on the code sheet by its index (0x00-0xB3), never selects index 0xB3 (R9); as a result, the code at grid location R9 is never asked for, even though it's present on the code sheet (it's 2423).

To give the code at grid location R9 a chance of being asked for:

POKE 34556,180

There are five rooms in which nontrivial item graphics are defined, but not used.

Ballroom East
The Kitchen
The Attic
Under the Drive
Nomen Luni

There are seven rooms in which nontrivial nasty graphics are defined, but not used.

The Drive
Ballroom West
The Chapel
The Nightmare Room
The Banyan Tree
Orangery
Nomen Luni

There is one room in which a nontrivial floor graphic is defined, but not used.

The Hall

There is one room in which a nontrivial ramp graphic is defined, but not used.

Entrance to Hades

Though unused, the ramp has its location set to (14,7); perhaps it was used at some point during development.

There is one room in which a nontrivial conveyor graphic is defined, but not used.

The Chapel

The guardian whose graphic data lives at B100 is unused.

However, this guardian made an appearance later on in the room 'Macaroni Ted' in Jet Set Willy II.

There are seven rooms that contain a unique guardian (that is, a guardian that does not appear in any other room).

The Off Licence
The Bridge
Rescue Esmerelda
Cold Store
The Nightmare Room
The Attic
Under the Drive

The commonest guardian is the bird, whose graphic data lives at BC00.

There are 23 instances of this guardian spread over 18 rooms: four in The Drive, two in each of The Bridge and Inside the MegaTrunk, and one in each of The Hall, Tree Top, Out on a limb, Rescue Esmerelda, I'm sure I've seen this before.., We must perform a Quirkafleeg, Ballroom East, To the Kitchens Main Stairway, A bit of tree, Priests' Hole, Under the Drive, Nomen Luni, Watch Tower, West Wing and West Wing Roof.

The commonest item is the bell, which appears in Up on the Battlements, We must perform a Quirkafleeg and I'm sure I've seen this before...

Every other item is unique to its own room.

The commonest codes on the code sheet are 2411 (at H7, O7, R7 and C9) and 3443 (at O3, D6, L8 and R8).

The codes for grid locations A0-Q9 are derived not from a deliberately crafted data table but from the unused code remnants at 9E00.

The saw guardian in Cuckoo's Nest always has its blade facing left, even when it's moving left to right (see A378). The reason for this is that its base sprite is 0 and its animation frame mask is 011, which means it cycles through sprites 0, 1, 2 and 3 only (see 9211).

Use the following POKE to make the saw face right when moving in that direction:

POKE 41849,227

All the other saw guardians in the game have the blade facing right when moving in that direction, because their animation frame mask is 111 (see A1A0, A1A8 and A2C0).

Like the one-way saw in Cuckoo's Nest, the monk in The Chapel always faces left, even when he's moving left to right. Also like the one-way saw, the reason for this is that his base sprite is 0 and his animation frame mask is 011, which means he cycles through sprites 0, 1, 2 and 3 only.

Use the following POKE to make the monk face right when walking in that direction:

POKE 41785,227

The saw in Cuckoo's Nest and the monk in The Chapel are the only horizontal guardians that use only 4 out of 8 possible animation frames in a particular room.

The message at 8451 ('AIR') may be unused, but it is still a poignant reminder of Willy's former career as a miner.

Whether Maria raises her arm at Willy in Master Bedroom depends on his height above floor level, as opposed to his distance away from her (see the code at 9550); this means that she raises her arm not only as Willy walks up the ramp towards her, but also if he jumps in the air at the entrance to the room.

In order to climb down a rope, Willy must move in the same direction as the rope is swinging (left if the rope is swinging right to left, right if the rope is swinging left to right); to climb up a rope, he must move in the opposite direction (see 937C).

In the entity buffer at 8100, the definition for a rope uses the second and fourth bytes of the following definition (in addition to the eight bytes of its own slot). This means that to avoid corrupting another entity, the rope must be followed in the room's list of entity definitions either by an arrow (which doesn't use the second and fourth bytes of its slot), or by nothing.

Note, however, that if a rope were the eighth entity specified in a room, byte 11 of its buffer would occupy the third byte in the otherwise unused area at 8141, and would not be reinitialised by the routine at 8912 after Willy loses a life or re-enters the room. This means, for example, that if Willy dies while on the rope, bit 0 of byte 11 (which indicates whether he is on the rope) remains set; then, if Willy starts moving in the same direction as the rope is swinging, he will teleport into the room above. This happens because:

• The section of code at 935E erroneously assumes that Willy is on the rope, and updates the rope status indicator at 85D6 from 0 (Willy is not on the rope) to 1 (Willy is on the rope, with the centre of his sprite anchored at segment 1).
• On the next pass through the main loop, the section of code at 92B6 erroneously detects Willy on the rope at segment 1, and accordingly sets his y-coordinate at 85CF to 246; this is the y-coordinate of segment 1 of the rope (6) minus 16.
• On the next pass through the main loop, the code at 89D1 picks up Willy's y-coordinate (now 246) from 85CF, finds that it is 225 or greater, and moves Willy into the room above.

The rope-drawing code at 92A4 places Willy on the rope if it is touching anything else (Willy or otherwise) that's already been drawn. This means, for example, that if an arrow is drawn before the rope (by appearing before it in the room's entity specifications), Willy will be immediately transported onto the rope when the arrow hits it.

To see this happen in The Beach:

When a room is initialised - upon Willy dying or entering a room - the item count and clock are briefly reset to '000' and '00:00 m' respectively by the routine at 8912 before being restored by the section of code at 8A31 in the main loop.

The cyan guardian in On a Branch Over the Drive moves up and down (not very gracefully), while its red and green cousins in To the Kitchens    Main Stairway and The Bathroom move left and right.

It is the only type of guardian that can be seen moving vertically in one room and horizontally in another.

There is a maximum distance that Willy can fall before the landing will kill him, but it's possible for Willy to fall a greater distance than that if his descent is punctuated by a transition from one room into the room below; if each portion of his descent on either side of the transition is less than the maximum distance, he will land safely.

To demonstrate this, jump left near the bottom of the ramp in Conservatory Roof - Willy will land safely on the ramp in the room below (Orangery). But if Willy jumps left off the ramp in Orangery, he will die when he lands on a lower part of the ramp.

The code responsible for this is at 94E3 - it resets the airborne status indicator at 85D1 to 2 if it's currently 10 or less.

At certain points on a ramp, Willy can jump higher than the normal 20 pixels above his starting point. Depending on where he is standing on the ramp, he will jump 20, 22, 24 or 26 pixels.

26 pixels	24 pixels	22 pixels	20 pixels

When the jump key is pressed while Willy is standing on a ramp, he is drawn at the pixel y-coordinate Y, where Y is his original pixel y-coordinate rounded down to the nearest multiple of 8 (see 95C8, which ignores the ramp below Willy when the airborne status indicator at 85D1 is 1, and enters 9637 with B=0). So before the jumping animation even starts, Willy is already up to 6 pixels above the ramp itself.

Also, during a jump Willy rises and then falls until his pixel y-coordinate is Y again, and if the jump key is still being pressed, he will jump from that point instead of falling all the way back to the ramp first.

The most common guardian colour is yellow (25 instances), and the least common colour is blue (2 instances, both BRIGHT, in The Forgotten Abbey and The Attic).

As for the other colours, there are 18 red guardians, 20 magenta guardians, 19 green guardians, 18 cyan guardians, and 7 white guardians; there are no black guardians anywhere.

The guardian-drawing code at 91D6 kills Willy if a guardian collides with anything that's already been drawn in the room. This means, for example, that Willy is killed if a guardian hits a nasty, a wall or the floor.

See this happen by placing a wall block in the path of the guardian in The Bathroom:

POKE 57635,128

In addition, if an arrow appears before a guardian in a room's list of entity specifications, Willy will be killed if the arrow hits the guardian. See this happen by replacing the first guardian in Top Landing with an arrow:

Entity 0x59, defined at A2C8, and appearing in The Hall and West Wing, is the only guardian that does not move up, down, left or right.

However, the minimum and maximum pixel y-coordinates for this guardian are defined as 40 and 56 respectively, which suggests that it did move up and down at some point during the development of the game.

In addition to the bed in Master Bedroom (see The moving bed) and the white ledge in Conservatory Roof (see The blank conveyor), there are three other unanimated conveyors in the game:

The table in Ballroom West	Emergency Generator	The lower deck of the yacht in The Bow

Note also that if it weren't for a bug in how conveyors are drawn (see Corrupted conveyors), the conveyor in The Wine Cellar would be unanimated as well.

There are a few vertical guardians that have only one animation frame, and so are in a sense unanimated (though they do still move up and down).

Ballroom East Top Landing	Out on a limb	The Nightmare Room

In contrast, every horizontal guardian has either 4 or 8 animation frames.

Though the game engine can manage a vertical guardian with eight frames of animation, there are no such guardians in the game: no vertical guardian uses more than four animation frames. This means that in byte 0 of a vertical guardian's buffer - bits 5-7 of which hold the animation frame index - bit 7 is always unused in practice.

Entity definition 0x2B at A158 contains data but is not used.

Which room might this vertical guardian have inhabited at some point while the game was being developed? We'll probably never know.

Entity definition 0x7F at A3F8 should not be modified or used to define an actual entity, because its first byte (0xFF) is used to terminate the entity buffer at 8100.

Wall tiles usually block Willy's path, but if he's on a ramp, he can sometimes walk straight through them. This can be seen when Willy walks down the ramp in On top of the house.

Willy can also walk through a wall tile while going up a ramp. There are no opportunities for him to perform this feat in the original game, but the following POKE adds a wall tile near the ramp in The Bathroom to illustrate the phenomenon:

POKE 57682,128

There are two items in The Beach, but they are both at the same location, so it looks as if there is only one.

To move one of the items two cells to the left:

POKE 42438,180

If an item lies in the path of an arrow or white guardian, it will be collected when the arrow or guardian hits it. This is because the routine at 93D1 collects an item if the cell it occupies has white INK.

To replace the guardian in The Bathroom with an arrow and watch it collect the item (make sure Willy jumps as the arrow approaches):

To make the guardian in The Bathroom white and place the item in its path:

In addition, any item situated in a room that has a background with white INK will be automatically collected as soon as Willy enters the room (see The self-collecting item).

The demonic face guardian (as seen in Entrance to Hades, The Chapel and Priests' Hole) uses three entity definitions (0x10, 0x11 and 0x12), but it could be adjusted to use only two, where the upper-left and upper-right portions share an entity definition with a different base sprite and x-coordinate.

Use the following POKEs to free up entity definition 0x10:

In The Chapel and Halfway up the East Wall, the ramps act as conveyors that push Willy down the slope, because the ramp tile has the same attribute byte as the conveyor tile (which is not actually used in either room). There are no conveyor-ramps anywhere else in the game.

There are five rooms in which the floor tiles behave like ramps because their attribute byte matches that of the (unused) ramp tile:

• Out on a limb (25 tiles)
• Rescue Esmerelda (13 tiles)
• I'm sure I've seen this before.. (4 tiles)
• Up on the Battlements (4 tiles)
• On the Roof (5 tiles)

If the in-game music has been switched off, the game will pause automatically after a period of inactivity; however, if the in-game music is playing, it will not (see 8B3C).

While the game is paused, the INK and PAPER colours are cycled at regular intervals, unless the WRITETYPER cheat mode has been activated (see 8AE1).

The name of the room Nomen Luni is a pun on 'Nomen Ludi', a Latin translation of 'The Name of the Game', which appeared in adverts for the aeroplane shoot-em-up game Zzoom by Imagine Software Ltd.

In Nomen Luni and the room below (Under the Roof) you can see an aeroplane that has crashed into the roof of Willy's mansion:

The name of the room We must perform a Quirkafleeg is a reference to issue 5 of the comic book The Adventures of Fat Freddy's Cat, in which the inhabitants of Pootweet, upon seeing a suitcase full of dead mice, exclaim 'We must perform a Quirkafleeg!' and promptly lie down on their backs and start waving their arms and legs in the air.

The sequence of rooms Up on the Battlements, We must perform a Quirkafleeg, I'm sure I've seen this before.. and Rescue Esmerelda - with the guards, battlements, rope, bells and Esmerelda - are a reference to Hunchback by Ocean Software Ltd.

The name of the room Dr Jones will never believe this may be a reference to the 'Myth of Jones', a story told by the philosopher Wilfrid Sellars in his most famous paper, Empiricism and the Philosophy of Mind. In this story, the hero, Jones, seeks to explain how a person can have a sensation of something that doesn't exist; for example, how it can be that people behave just as they would if there were a pink elephant in the room when in fact there is no such thing there. In this particular room, however, there is a pink (well, magenta) elephant.

Back Door is the only room that has no items, nasties, rope, arrows or guardians.

The Front Door is the only other room that has no rope, arrows or guardians; it also has no nasties, but does contain an item.

The Forgotten Abbey is the only room with a full complement of eight guardians.

The Attic is the only other room with eight entities defined: six vertical guardians and two arrows.

The room with the most items is The Off Licence with 12.